cnmodel.data package

cnmodel.data.connectivity

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# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
from ._db import add_table_data

#: Mouse synaptic convregence table
mouse_convergence = u"""

Convergence defines the average number of presynaptic cells of a particular
type (rows) that synapse onto a single postsynaptic cell of a particular
type (columns).
This connectivity matrix is currently incomplete.
Note: Bushy and pyramidal cells are known to have no (or very few)
collaterals within the CN, and so they are not listed as presynaptic cells in
this table. Octopus cells have collaterals (including in granule cell domains),
and should be added to this table when more data are available (Golding et al.,
J. Neurosci. 15: 3138, 1995)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  bushy       tstellate   dstellate   octopus     pyramidal    tuberculoventral
sgc               3.3±0.6 [2] 6.5±1.0 [2] 35±0 [3]    60±0 [2]    48±0 [5]     24±0 [5]
dstellate         7 [1]       20 [1]      3 [1]       0 [4]       15 [5]       15 [5]
tstellate         0 [6]       0 [6]       0 [6]       0 [6]       0 [6]        0 [6]
tuberculoventral  6           6           0           0 [4]       21 [5]       0 [7]
pyramidal         0           0           0           0           0            0    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Guesses based on Campagnola & Manis 2014

[2] Cao, X. & Oertel, D. (2010). Auditory nerve fibers excite targets through
    synapses that vary in convergence, strength, and short-term plasticity. 
    Journal of Neurophysiology, 104(5), 2308–20.
    Xie and Manis (unpublished): max EPSC = 3.4 ± 1.5 nA with ~0.3 nA steps
    (Cao and Oertel, 2010) = ~11 AN inputs. However neither we nor Cao and Oertel
    see that many clear steps in the responses, so use lower bound.
    
[3] Lower bound based on estimates from unpublished data Xie and Manis (2017)
    Assumptions: No discernable step sizes when increasing shock intensity 
    at ANFs in radiate multipolars (dstellate)
     Measured: 0.034 ± 15 nA sEPSC @ -70 mV
     Measured: Maximal current from AN stim = 1.2 ± 0.7 nA @ -70 mV
     Assuming that each AN provides 1 input, then N = ~35
     
[4] Octopus cells are devoid of inhibitory input (Golding et al., J. Neurosci., 1995)

[5] Convergence from Hancock and Voigt, Ann. Biomed. Eng. 27, 1999 and Zheng and Voigt,
    Ann. Biomed. Eng., 34, 2006.  Numbers are based on models for cat and gerbil,
    respectively. Adjusted to 1/2 to avoid overexciting TV cells in network model.

[6] tstellate cells have collaterals within the CN. It has been proposed that they
    provide auditory-driven input to the DCN (Oertel and Young, ), and also synapse
    within the VCN (Oertel, SFN abstract). These parameters may need to be adjusted
    once the convergence and strength is known.

[7] In the models of Hancock and Voigt (1999) and Zheng and Voigt (2006), the TV cells
    have no connections with each other. However, Kuo et al. (J. Neurophysiol., 2015)
    did see connections between pairs of TV cells in the mouse.

"""

add_table_data('convergence', row_key='pre_type', col_key='post_type', 
               species='mouse', data=mouse_convergence)



mouse_convergence_range = u"""

The convergence range table describes, for each type of connection from 
presynaptic (rows) to postsynaptic (columns), the variance in frequency of
presynaptic cells relative to the postsynaptic cell.

All values are expressed as the sigma for a lognormal distribution scaled to
the CF of the postsynaptic cell. 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  bushy       tstellate   dstellate   octopus     pyramidal    tuberculoventral
sgc               0.05 [1]    0.1 [1]     0.4 [1]     0.5 [5]     0.1 [1]      0.1 [1]
dstellate         0.208 [2]   0.347 [2]   0.5 [1]     0           0.2 [1]      0.2 [1]      
tstellate         0.1 [4]     0.1 [4]     0           0           0            0    
tuberculoventral  0.069 [3]   0.111 [3]   0           0           0.15 [1]     0    
pyramidal         0           0           0           0           0            0    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Guess based on axonal / dendritic morphology.

[2] Calculated from Campagnola & Manis 2014 fig. 7C
    Distribution widths are given in stdev(octaves), so we multiply by ln(2) to
    get the sigma for a lognormal distribution.
        DS->Bushy:     ln(2) * 0.3 = 0.208
        DS->TStellate: ln(2) * 0.5 = 0.347

[3] Calculated from Campagnola & Manis 2014 fig. 9C
    Distribution widths are given in stdev(octaves), so we multiply by ln(2) to
    get the sigma for a lognormal distribution.
        TV->Bushy:     ln(2) * 0.10 = 0.069
        TV->TStellate: ln(2) * 0.16 = 0.111

[4] Guess based on very limited information in Campagnola & Manis 2014 fig. 12

[5] Octopus cells get a wide range of ANF input (but weak on a per input basis)
    For example, see McGinley et al., 2012 or Spencer et al., 2012.


"""

add_table_data('convergence_range', row_key='pre_type', col_key='post_type', 
               species='mouse', data=mouse_convergence_range)

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
guineapig_convergence = u"""

Convergence defines the average number of presynaptic cells of a particular
type (rows) that synapse onto a single postsynaptic cell of a particular
type (columns).
This connectivity matrix is currently incomplete.
Note: Bushy and pyramidal cells are known to have no (or very few)
collaterals within the CN, and so they are not listed as presynaptic cells in
this table. Octopus cells have collaterals (including in granule cell domains),
and should be added to this table when more data are available (Golding et al.,
J. Neurosci. 15: 3138, 1995)

This table is just a guess... using mouse data...

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  bushy       tstellate   dstellate   octopus     pyramidal    tuberculoventral   mso
sgc               3.3±0.6 [2] 6.5±1.0 [2] 35±0 [3]    60±0 [2]    48±0 [5]     24±0 [5]           0
bushy             0           0           0           0           0            0                  12 [8]
dstellate         7 [1]       20 [1]      3 [1]       0 [4]       15 [5]       15 [5]             0
tstellate         0 [6]       0 [6]       0 [6]       0 [6]       0 [6]        0 [6]              0
tuberculoventral  6           6           0           0 [4]       21 [5]       0 [7]              0
pyramidal         0           0           0           0           0            0                  0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Guesses based on Campagnola & Manis 2014 (using mouse data on guinea pig cells)

[2] Cao, X. & Oertel, D. (2010). Auditory nerve fibers excite targets through
    synapses that vary in convergence, strength, and short-term plasticity. 
    Journal of Neurophysiology, 104(5), 2308–20.
    Xie and Manis (unpublished): max EPSC = 3.4 ± 1.5 nA with ~0.3 nA steps
    (Cao and Oertel, 2010) = ~11 AN inputs. However neither we nor Cao and Oertel
    see that many clear steps in the responses, so use lower bound.
    
[3] Lower bound based on estimates from unpublished data Xie and Manis (2017)
    Assumptions: No discernable step sizes when increasing shock intensity 
    at ANFs in radiate multipolars (dstellate)
     Measured: 0.034 ± 15 nA sEPSC @ -70 mV
     Measured: Maximal current from AN stim = 1.2 ± 0.7 nA @ -70 mV
     Assuming that each AN provides 1 input, then N = ~35
     
[4] Octopus cells are devoid of inhibitory input (Golding et al., J. Neurosci., 1995)

[5] Convergence from Hancock and Voigt, Ann. Biomed. Eng. 27, 1999 and Zheng and Voigt,
    Ann. Biomed. Eng., 34, 2006.  Numbers are based on models for cat and gerbil,
    respectively. Adjusted to 1/2 to avoid overexciting TV cells in network model.

[6] tstellate cells have collaterals within the CN. It has been proposed that they
    provide auditory-driven input to the DCN (Oertel and Young, ), and also synapse
    within the VCN (Oertel, SFN abstract). These parameters may need to be adjusted
    once the convergence and strength is known.

[7] In the models of Hancock and Voigt (1999) and Zheng and Voigt (2006), the TV cells
    have no connections with each other. However, Kuo et al. (J. Neurophysiol., 2015)
    did see connections between pairs of TV cells in the mouse.

[8] Bushy convergence to MSO is a guess
"""

add_table_data('convergence', row_key='pre_type', col_key='post_type', 
               species='guineapig', data=guineapig_convergence)



guineapig_convergence_range = u"""

The convergence range table describes, for each type of connection from 
presynaptic (rows) to postsynaptic (columns), the variance in frequency of
presynaptic cells relative to the postsynaptic cell.

All values are expressed as the sigma for a lognormal distribution scaled to
the CF of the postsynaptic cell. 

*** This table is just a guess - using data from mouse... ****

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  bushy       tstellate   dstellate   octopus     pyramidal    tuberculoventral   mso
sgc               0.05 [1]    0.1 [1]     0.4 [1]     0.5 [5]     0.1 [1]      0.1 [1]            0
bushy             0           0           0           0           0            0                  0.05 [6]
dstellate         0.208 [2]   0.347 [2]   0.5 [1]     0           0.2 [1]      0.2 [1]            0
tstellate         0.1 [4]     0.1 [4]     0           0           0            0                  0
tuberculoventral  0.069 [3]   0.111 [3]   0           0           0.15 [1]     0                  0
pyramidal         0           0           0           0           0            0                  0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Guess based on axonal / dendritic morphology.

[2] Calculated from Campagnola & Manis 2014 fig. 7C (Using mouse data on guinea pig cells)
    Distribution widths are given in stdev(octaves), so we multiply by ln(2) to
    get the sigma for a lognormal distribution.
        DS->Bushy:     ln(2) * 0.3 = 0.208
        DS->TStellate: ln(2) * 0.5 = 0.347

[3] Calculated from Campagnola & Manis 2014 fig. 9C (Using mouse data on guinea pig cells)
    Distribution widths are given in stdev(octaves), so we multiply by ln(2) to
    get the sigma for a lognormal distribution.
        TV->Bushy:     ln(2) * 0.10 = 0.069
        TV->TStellate: ln(2) * 0.16 = 0.111

[4] Guess based on very limited information in Campagnola & Manis 2014 fig. 12

[5] Octopus cells get a wide range of ANF input (but weak on a per input basis)
    For example, see McGinley et al., 2012 or Spencer et al., 2012.

[6] MSO convergence from bushy cells is a guess.

"""

add_table_data('convergence_range', row_key='pre_type', col_key='post_type', 
               species='guineapig', data=guineapig_convergence_range)



cnmodel.data.synapses

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# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
from ._db import add_table_data

add_table_data('sgc_synapse', row_key='field', col_key='post_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

AMPA_gmax and NMDA_gmax are the estimated average peak conductances (in nS) 
resulting from an action potential in a single auditory nerve terminal, under 
conditions that minimize the effects of short-term plasticity.
AMPA_gmax are from values measured at -65 mV (or -70mV), and represent SINGLE TERMINAL 
conductances
AMPAR_gmax are the individual synapse postsynaptic conductance
NMDA_gmax values are taken as the fraction of the current that is NMDAR dependent
at +40 mV (see below)

n_rsites is the number of release sites per SGC terminal.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             bushy             tstellate          dstellate         octopus         pyramidal      tuberculoventral
                                                                                                                    
AMPA_gmax    21.05±15.4 [1]    4.6±3.1 [2]        0.49±0.29 [7]     0.87±0.23 [3]   1.8±1.05 [8]   2.2±1.5 [8]
AMPAR_gmax   4.6516398 [10]    4.632848  [10]     1.7587450 [10]    16.975147 [10]  1.8 [8]        2.2  [8]
NMDA_gmax    10.8±4.6 [1]      2.4±1.6 [2]        0.552±0.322 [7]   0.17±0.046 [3]  0.8±0.66 [8]   2.4±1.6 [8]
NMDAR_gmax   0.4531933 [10]    1.2127097 [10]     0.9960820 [10]    0.6562702 [10]  0.4 [8]        1.2127097 [8]
EPSC_cv      0.12 [8]          0.499759 [9]       0.886406 [9]      1.393382 [9]    0.499 [8]      0.499 [8]
Pr           1.000 [11]        1.000 [11]         1.000 [11]        1.000 [11]      1.000 [8]      1.000 [8]
n_rsites     100 [5]           4 [6]              1 [4]             1 [4]           2 [8]          2 [8]
weight       0.027 [12]        0.006 [12]         0.00064 [12]      0.0011 [12]     0.0023 [12]    0.0029 [12]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Derived from Cao, X. & Oertel, D. (2010). Single-terminal conductance was
    reported as 21.5±15.4 nS (1.4±1.0 nA at -65 mV). The ratio of NMDA current to 
    total current is 0.3, so AMPA and NMDA currents are:
       AMPA_gmax = 21.5±15.4 nS (measured at -65 mV)
       NMDA_gmax = 21.5±15.4 nS * 0.3 = 10.8±4.6 nS
    Age>p17, Temperature=33C, [Mg2+]=1.3mM, [Ca2+]=2.4mM
    Units are nS.

[2] Derived from Cao, X. & Oertel, D. (2010). Single-terminal conductance was
    estimated as 4.6±3.1 nS. The ratio of NMDA current to 
    total current is 0.53, so AMPA and NMDA currents are:
       AMPA_gmax = 4.6±3.1 nS
       NMDA_gmax = 4.6±3.1 nS * 0.53 = 2.4±1.6 nS
    Estimated number of inputs per AN fiber:
        0.3 nA step, 0.08 nA mini size = ~ 4 inputs per AN fiber
    Age>p17, Temperature=33C, [Mg2+]=1.3mM, [Ca2+]=2.4mM
    Units are nS

[3] Derived from Cao, X. & Oertel, D. (2010). Single-terminal conductance was
    estimated as 52±14 nS / 60 = 0.87±0.23 nS. The ratio of NMDA current to 
    total current is 0.2, so AMPA and NMDA currents are:
       AMPA_gmax = 0.87±0.23 nS
       NMDA_gmax = 0.87±0.23 nS * 0.2 = 0.17±0.046 nS
    Age>p17, Temperature=33C, [Mg2+]=1.3mM, [Ca2+]=2.4mM
    Units are nS

[4] Assumption based on mini size and lack of discernable EPSC step (guess).
    Should be verified.

[5] Oleskevich & Walmsley ~2002, Wang & Manis 2005. Units are nS

[6] A value of 45 would be chosen to satisfy the CV of EPSC amplitude determined in [9].
    However, those measures are for simultaneous stimulation of multiple AN fibers.
    A value of 4 is included here to correspond to measures in Cao and Oertel (2010)
    (see note [2])

[7] (Xie and Manis, Frontiers in Neural Circuits, 2017):
    Measurements from CBA/CaJ mouse "radiate" multipolar cells in the AVCN.
    Single terminal conductance = (1.2 ± 0.70 nA/70 mV)/ 35 inputs = 0.490 ± 0.286 nS
    (see connections.py) 
    Single terminal conductance from mini = 34 pA/70 mV = 0.486 nS (single mini)
    Assume same AMPA/NMDA ratio as tstellate cells, but measures made where NMDA = 0
    (at negative V):
       AMPA_gmax = 0.490±0.286 nS
       NMDA_gmax = 0.490±0.286 nS * 0.53/0.47 = 0.552±0.322 nS
    Age > P35, Temperature=34C, [Mg2+]=1.5mM, [Ca2+]=2.5mM

[8] Thin air.  These are for testing the software, not necessarily for performing
    real simulations.  Note: Pyramidal cell strength has been reduced 
    because of large convergence and high input resistance of the reference cell model.
    

[9] Reanalysis of evoked EPSCs in stellate cells (Manis/Xie, 2014)

[10]  Maximum AMPA open conductance per synaptic site (units are pS). 
      These values are calculated by running python cnmodel/synapses/tests/test_psd.py
      for a specific cell type (if the cell uses the receptor mechanisms; this is 
      not necessary for simple exp2syn style mechanisms)
      to ensure that maximum AMPA conductance during PSG matches [1, 2 or 3]
      For a bushy cell, the original default values  (bushy cell) were:
          AMPAR_gmax   3.314707700918133
          NMDAR_gmax   0.4531929783503451
      These values will also depend on the number of release sites per
      synapse (the total conductance is produce of site gmax and nsites).
      
      A note on the precision of these values: This precision is only
      required for the tests of the model, as a way of ensuring numerical
      equivalency after potential modifications of the code. The precision
      of the value is in no way intended to specificy biological precision.

      For example, a change in the rate constants in the AMPA_Trussell AMPA
      receptor model could (and probably would) change the open probability,
      and therefore the maximal conductance of an EPSC. However, as this is
      only a representation of the EPSC, the "receptor" conductance should
      be scaled so that the computed EPSC has the same maximal conductance
      as prior to the kinetic modifications. Because the receptor model is
      numerically computed (and not analytically tractable without
      additional knowledge of the ligand time course), a numerical solution
      is required.

[11]  Pr is the initial release probability. The value can be computed by
      setting Pr to 1 in this file, and running the cnmodel test_synapses.py
      with the appropriate presynaptic source and postsynaptic target,
      once all other parameters are set. The Pr is used to rescale
      the AMPAR_gmax so that the total current matches the data in 
      AMPA_gmax in the table (on average).

[12]  weight is the weight to use in a netcon object (NEURON) for "simple"
      synapses based on the exp2syn mechanism. These are ~ AMPAR_gmax * 
      0.065*2e-2, to approximate the current injected by the multisite
      synapse.
""")



add_table_data('sgc_ampa_kinetics', row_key='field', col_key='post_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""
AMPA receptor kinetic values obtained by fitting the model of Raman and 
Trussell (1992) to measured EPSCs in the mouse VCN.

Ro1, Ro2, Rc1, Rc2, and PA are kinetic constants affecting the AMPA receptor
mechanism. tau_g and A affect the speed and amplitude of transmitter release
(implemented in the presynaptic release mechanism).
These parameters were selected to fit the model output to known EPSC shapes.

PA is a polyamine block parameter ued in the AMPAR mechanism (concentration in micromolar).

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             bushy              tstellate        dstellate        pyramidal    octopus         tuberculoventral       mso     
                                                                                                                                
Ro1          107.85 [4]         39.25 [4]        39.25 [7]        39.25 [4]    107.85 [5]      39.25 [7]              107.85 [4]
Ro2          0.6193 [4]         4.40 [4]         4.40 [7]         4.40 [4]     0.6193 [5]      4.40 [7]               0.6193 [4]
Rc1          3.678 [4]          0.667 [4]        0.667 [7]        0.667 [4]    3.678 [5]       0.667 [7]              3.678 [4] 
Rc2          0.3212 [4]         0.237 [4]        0.237 [7]        0.237 [4]    0.3212 [5]      0.237 [7]              0.3212 [4]
tau_g        0.10 [4]           0.25 [4]         0.25 [7]         0.25 [4]     0.10 [5]        0.25 [4]               0.10 [4]  
amp_g        0.770 [4]          1.56625 [4]      1.56625 [7]      1.56625 [4]  0.770 [5]       1.56625 [4]            0.770 [4] 
                                                                                                                                
PA           45 [12]            0.1 [12]         0.1 [7]          0.1 [12]     45 [5]          0.1 [7]                45 [12]   

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[4] Xie & Manis 2013, Table 2

[5] copied from bushy cells; no direct data.

[7] Data copied from t-stellate column (no literature on these cells). Unpublished data suggests these
    should be slightly different, but is complicated by electrotonically distant synaptic sites that
    preclude accurate measurement of kinetics.

[12] Wang & Manis (unpublished)

""")


add_table_data('sgc_epsp_kinetics', row_key='field', col_key='post_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

EPSC shape parameters obtained from fits of Xie & Manis 2013 Equation 3 to measured EPSCs.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             bushy         tstellate        dstellate        pyramidal    octopus         tuberculoventral
                                                                          
tau_r        0.253 [11]    0.19 [11]                                      0.253 [13]
tau_f        0.16 [11]     1.073 [11]                                     0.16 [13]
tau_s        0.765 [11]    3.3082 [11]                                    0.765 [13]
F            0.984 [11]    0.917 [11]                                     0.984 [13]
                                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[11] Xie & Manis 2013, Table 3
[13] Copied from bushy cells; no direct data

""")


add_table_data('sgc_release_dynamics', row_key='field', col_key='post_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

Kinetic parameters correspond to variables as described by Dittman et al. 
(2000), their Table 1.

F: ~ Resting release probability

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             bushy             tstellate         dstellate        pyramidal     octopus        tuberculoventral
                                                                               
F            0.29366 [1]       0.43435 [1]       0.43435 [2]      0.43435 [1]   0.29366 [14]   0.43435 [1]   
k0           0.52313 [1]       0.06717 [1]       0.06717 [2]      0.06717 [1]   0.52313 [14]   0.06717 [1]   
kmax         19.33805 [1]      52.82713 [1]      52.82713 [2]     52.82713 [1]  19.33805 [14]  52.82713 [1]  
kd           0.11283 [1]       0.08209 [1]       0.08209 [2]      0.08209 [1]   0.11283 [14]   0.08209 [1]   
ks           11.531 [1]        14.24460 [1]      14.24460 [2]     14.24460 [1]  11.531 [14]    14.24460 [1]  
kf           17.78 [1]         18.16292 [1]      18.16292 [2]     18.16292 [1]  17.78 [14]     18.16292 [1]  
taud         15.16 [1]         3.98 [1]          3.98 [2]         3.98 [1]      15.16 [14]     3.98 [1]      
taus         17912.2 [1]       16917.120 [1]     16917.120 [2]    16917.120 [1] 17912.2 [14]   16917.120 [1] 
tauf         9.75 [1]          11.38 [1]         11.38 [2]        11.38 [1]     9.75 [14]      11.38 [1]     
dD           0.57771 [1]       2.46535 [1]       2.46535 [2]      2.46535 [1]   0.57771 [14]   2.46535 [1]   
dF           0.60364 [1]       1.44543 [1]       1.44543 [2]      1.44543 [1]   0.60364 [14]   1.44543 [1]   

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Xie & Manis 2013, Table 1. Although independently measured in > P30 CBA/CaJ mice,
    the values are similar to the measurements from Yang and Xu-Friedman, 2008
    in P14-P21 CBA/CaJ mice.

[2] Data copied from t-stellate column (no literature on these cells)

[14] Data copied from bushy cell column (no literature on these cells)
""")


add_table_data('gly_kinetics', row_key='field', col_key='post_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

Kinetic parameters for glycine receptor mechanisms.

These are currently used for both DS and TV synapses, but should probably be 
separated in the future.

KV, KU, and XMax are kinetic parameters for the cleft transmitter mechanism.


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             bushy        tstellate        dstellate     pyramidal         tuberculoventral
                                                                            
KV           1e9 [1]      531.0 [1]        531.0 [1]     531.0 [2]         531.0 [2]
KU           4.46 [1]     4.17 [1]         4.17 [1]      4.17 [2]          4.17 [2] 
XMax         0.733 [1]    0.731 [1]        0.731 [1]     0.731 [2]         0.731 [2]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Xie & Manis 2013

[2] Copied from tstellate data (Kuo et al., J. Neurophysiol. indicate glycinergic IPSCs in TV
    and pyramidal cells are fast, with a decay time constant similar to that seen in tstellate
    cells). In pyramidal cells, this is consistent with the brief cross-correlation tip (Voigt
    and Young, 1980) and brief somatic current source (Manis and Brownell, 1983).


""")


# Mouse data
# TV conductance onto pyr cells: 2.1 nS SD 2.9 nS (Kuo et al., 2012)
# TV conductance onto TV cells: 1.8 ns SD 2.3 nS.
#

add_table_data('bushy_synapse', row_key='field', col_key='post_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

AMPA_gmax and NMDA_gmax are the estimated average peak conductances (in nS) 
resulting from an action potential in a single presynaptic terminal under 
conditions that minimize the effects of short-term plasticity.
AMPA_gmax are from values measured at -65 mV (or -70mV), and represent SINGLE TERMINAL 
conductances
AMPAR_gmax are the individual synapse postsynaptic conductance
NMDA_gmax values are taken as the fraction of the current that is NMDAR dependent
at +40 mV (see below)

n_rsites is the number of release sites per terminal.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             mso           
                          
AMPA_gmax    21.05±15.4 [1]
AMPAR_gmax   4.6516398 [2]
NMDA_gmax    0 [3]  
NMDAR_gmax   0 [3]
EPSC_cv      0.12 [4]      
Pr           1.000 [5]    
n_rsites     36 [6]         

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Taken from the mouse bushy cell model.
    Units are nS.
    
[2] See note [10] for the SGC-bushy synapse

[3] Assume no NMDA receptors at this synapse

[4] See SGC-bushy synapse

[5] Just to scale with the multisite synapse model

[6] This is a guess.

""")

cnmodel.data.populations

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# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
from ._db import add_table_data

add_table_data('populations', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             sgc        bushy      tstellate    dstellate     octopus     pyramidal   tuberculoventral
                                                                                           
n_cells      10000 [1]  6500 [2]   6500 [2]     650 [3]       5000        3000        5000   
cf_min       2000       2000       2000         2000          2000        2000        2000   
cf_max       90000      90000      90000        90000         90000       90000       90000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] ?

[2] Rough estimate from allen brain atlas data:
    Volume of VCN is 0.377 mm^3, by counting voxels with 'VCO' (101) label in Common Coordinate Framework atlas.
        753370 voxels * 0.5 * 10e-6**3 m^3/vox = 0.377 mm^3
    Counted Slc17a7 (pan-excitatory) cell bodies in a 500x500 um chunk of VCN
        http://mouse.brain-map.org/experiment/siv?id=69014470&imageId=68856767&initImage=ish&coordSystem=pixel&x=7616.5&y=4144.5&z=1
        266 cells in 500x500 um = 34707 cells / mm^2
        34707**3/2 * 0.377 mm^3 = 13084 cells total
        Assume half are bushy, half are T-stellate
        
[3] Rough estimate from allen brain atlas data:
    Similar to [2], using Gad1 inhibitory marker
    http://mouse.brain-map.org/experiment/siv?id=75492764&imageId=75405134&initImage=ish&coordSystem=pixel&x=5320.5&y=3232.5&z=1
    36 cells in 500x500 um = 144e6 / m^2  ~= 1728 / mm^2
    = 651 cells total  (VCN, unilateral)

""")

cnmodel.data.ionchannels

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# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
from ._db import add_table_data
"""
Ion channel density tables
All of the ion channel densities for the models implemented in cnmodel
are (or should be) stated here, and should not be modified in the
cnmodel code itself. 

"""

add_table_data('RM03_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='guineapig', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities (and voltage shifts if necessary)
for different cell types in the original Rothman Manis 2003 model.
Data from Table 1, except for "octopus" cells, which is modified (see note 3)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    bushy-II      bushy-II-I    tstellate     tstellate-t   bushy-I-II    octopus
                                                                                                   
RM03_name           II            II-I          I-c           I-t           I-II          II-o  [4]
soma_na_gbar        1000. [1]     1000. [1]     1000. [1]     1000. [1]     1000. [2]     1000. [3]
soma_kht_gbar       150.0 [1]     150.0 [1]     150.0 [1]     80.0  [1]     150.0 [2]     150.0 [3] 
soma_klt_gbar       200.0 [1]     35.0  [1]     0.0   [1]     0.0   [1]     20.0  [2]     1000. [3] 
soma_ka_gbar        0.0   [1]     0.0   [1]     0.0   [1]     65.0  [1]     0.0   [2]     0.0   [3]
soma_ih_gbar        20.0  [1]     3.5   [1]     0.5   [1]     0.5   [1]     2.0   [2]     30.0  [3]
soma_leak_gbar      2.0   [1]     2.0   [1]     2.0   [1]     2.0   [1]     2.0   [2]     2.0   [3]
soma_leak_erev      -65   [1]     -65   [1]     -65   [1]     -65   [1]     -65   [2]     -65   [3]
soma_na_type        nacn  [1]     nacn  [1]     nacn  [1]     nacn  [1]     nacn  [2]     nacn  [3]
soma_ih_type        ihvcn [1]     ihvcn [1]     ihvcn [1]     ihvcn [1]     ihvcn [2]     ihvcn [3]
soma_Cap            12.0  [1]     12.0  [1]     12.0  [1]     12.0  [1]     12.0  [2]     25.0  [3]
soma_e_k            -84   [1]     -84   [1]     -84   [1]     -84   [2]     -84   [2]     -84   [2] 
soma_e_na           50.   [1]     50.   [1]     50.   [1]     50.   [2]     50.   [2]     50.   [2] 
soma_ih_eh          -43   [1]     -43   [1]     -43   [1]     -43   [2]     -43   [2]     -43   [2] 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Rothman and Manis, 2003
    Age "adult", Temperature=22C
    Units are nS.

[2] Rothman and manis, 2003, model I-II
    Some low-voltage K current, based on observations of
    a single spike near threshold and regular firing for higher
    currents (Xie and Manis, 2017)
    
[3] Derived from Rothman and Manis, 2003, model II
    Large amounts of low-voltage K current, and elevated HCN. Conductances
    based on Rothman and Manis, 2003; concept from Cao and Oertel

[4] Designation for elevated LTK and Ih for octopus cells

""")

add_table_data('XM13_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities (and voltage shifts if necessary)
for different cell types based on the Xie and Manis 2013 models for mouse.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    bushy-II      bushy-II-I    tstellate    bushy-I-II
                                                                    
XM13_name           II            II-I          I-c          I-II      
soma_na_gbar        1000. [1]     1000. [1]     3000. [1]    1000. [2] 
soma_kht_gbar       58.0  [1]     58.0  [1]     500.0 [1]    150.0 [2] 
soma_klt_gbar       80.0  [1]     14.0  [1]     0.0   [1]    20.0  [2] 
soma_ka_gbar        0.0   [1]     0.0   [1]     0.0   [1]    0.0   [2] 
soma_ih_gbar        30.0  [1]     30.0  [1]     18.0  [1]    2.0   [2] 
soma_leak_gbar      2.0   [1]     2.0   [1]     8.0   [1]    2.0   [2] 
soma_leak_erev      -65   [1]     -65   [1]     -65   [1]    -65   [2] 
soma_na_type        nacn  [1]     nacn  [1]     nacn  [1]    nacn  [2] 
soma_ih_type        ihvcn [1]     ihvcn [1]     ihvcn [1]    ihvcn [2] 
soma_Cap            26.0  [1]     26.0  [1]     25.0  [1]    26.0  [2] 
soma_na_vshift      4.3   [1]     4.3   [1]     4.3   [1]    4.3   [1]
soma_e_k            -84   [1]     -84   [1]     -84   [1]    -84   [2] 
soma_e_na           50.   [1]     50.   [1]     50.   [1]    50.   [2] 
soma_ih_eh          -43   [1]     -43   [1]     -43   [1]    -43   [2] 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Uses channels from Rothman and Manis, 2003
    Conductances are for Mouse bushy cells
    Xie and Manis, 2013
    Age "adult", Temperature=34C
    Units are nS.

[2] Rothman and manis, 2003, model I-II
    Some low-voltage K current, based on observations of
    a single spike near threshold and regular firing for higher
    currents (Xie and Manis, 2017)


""")

add_table_data('mGBC_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities (and voltage shifts if necessary)
for different cell types based on the Xie and Manis 2013 models for mouse.

This table is EXPERIMENTAL and should not be used for production-level simulations.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    bushy-II 
                    
mGBC_name           II       
soma_na_gbar        1600. [1]
soma_kht_gbar       58.0  [1]
soma_klt_gbar       40.0  [1]
soma_ka_gbar        0.0   [1]
soma_ih_gbar        7.50  [1]
soma_leak_gbar      0.04  [1]
soma_leak_erev      -65   [1]
soma_na_type        jsrna [1]
soma_ih_type        ihvcn [1]
soma_Cap            26.0  [1]
soma_na_vshift      4.3   [1]
soma_e_k            -84   [1]
soma_e_na           50.   [1]
soma_ih_eh          -43   [1]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Uses channels from Rothman and Manis, 2003
    Conductances are for Mouse bushy cells
    Xie and Manis, 2013
    Age "adult", Temperature=34C
    Units are nS.

""")


add_table_data('POK_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='rat', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities and voltage shifts for rat DCN pyramidal cells,
from Kanold and Manis, 2001

The table includes 2 additiona variants

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  pyramidal   
                           
soma_napyr_gbar   350.0  [1]      
soma_nap_gbar     0.
soma_kdpyr_gbar   80.0   [1]
soma_kcnq_gbar    0.
soma_kif_gbar     150.0  [1]
soma_kis_gbar     40.0   [1]
soma_ihpyr_gbar   2.8    [1]     
soma_leak_gbar    2.8    [1]
soma_leak_erev    -62.0  [1]
soma_e_na         50.    [1]
soma_e_k          -81.5  [1]
soma_e_h          -43.0  [1]
soma_natype       napyr
soma_Cap          12     [1]


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Kanold and Manis, 1999, 2001, 2005
    Age P11-14, Temperature=22C
    Units are nS.

""")

add_table_data('CW_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities and voltage shifts
for a mouse carthweel cell model.
Ad-hoc model, based on a Purkinje cell model (ref [1]).


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   cartwheel   
                           
soma_narsg_gbar    500.0  [1]     
soma_bkpkj_gbar    2.0
soma_kpkj_gbar     100.   [1]
soma_kpkj2_gbar    50.
soma_kpkjslow_gbar 150    [1]
soma_kpksk_gbar    25.0   [1]
soma_lkpkj_gbar    5.0    [1]     
soma_hpkj_gbar     5.0    [1]
soma_e_na          50.    [1]
soma_e_k           -80.0  [1]
soma_hpkj_eh       -43.0  [1]
soma_lkpkj_e       -65.0  [1]
soma_e_ca          50.
soma_na_type       narsg
soma_pcabar        0.00015 [1]
soma_Dia           18  

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Channels from Khaliq, Gouwens and Raman, J. Neurosci. 2003
    Conductance levels modified. 

""")

add_table_data('TV_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities and voltage shifts
for a mouse tuberculoventral cell model.
Ad-hoc model, based on the t-stellate cell model, but adjusted
to match the data from Kuo and Trussell.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     TVmouse   
                              
soma_nacncoop_gbar   5800.0   [2]      
soma_kht_gbar        400.0    [1]
soma_ihvcn_gbar      2.5      [2]
soma_ka_gbar         65.0     [1]
soma_leak_gbar       4.5      [1]
soma_leak_erev       -72.0    [1]
soma_e_na            50.      [1]
soma_e_k             -81.5    [1]
soma_ihvcn_eh        -43.0    [1]
soma_na_type         nacncoop [2]
soma_Cap             35       [1]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Values obtained from brute force runs and comparision to 
    FI curve from Kuo, Lu and Trussell, J Neurophysiol. 2012 Aug 15; 
    108(4): 1186–1198.

[2] Cooperative sodium channel model, based on (see the mechanisms folder)
    concepts and implementation similar to Oz et al. J.Comp. Neurosci. 39: 63, 2015,
    and Huang et al., PloSOne 7:e37729, 2012.


""")

add_table_data('sgc_mouse_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='mouse', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities (and voltage shifts if necessary)
for SGC cells, based on 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    sgc-a         sgc-bm   
                                        
sgc_name            a             bm     
soma_na_gbar        350.  [2]     350.  [2]
soma_kht_gbar       58.0  [1]     58.0  [1]
soma_klt_gbar       80.0  [1]     80.0  [1]
soma_ihap_gbar      3.0   [3]     0.0   [1]
soma_ihap_eh        -41.0 [3]     -41.0 [3]
soma_ihbm_gbar      0.0   [3]     3.0   [3]
soma_ihbm_eh        -41.0 [3]     -41.0 [3]
soma_leak_gbar      2.0   [1]     2.0   [1]
soma_leak_erev      -65   [1]     -65   [1]
soma_na_type        jsrna [2]     jsrna [2]
soma_Cap            12.0  [1]     12.0  [1]
soma_e_k            -84   [1]     -84   [1]
soma_e_na           50.   [1]     50.   [1]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Model is based on the mouse bushy cell model (XM13, above),
    but with a fast sodium channel from Rothman et al, 1993. and Ih currents
    from Liu et al. 2014
    
[2] Sodium channel from Rothman, Young and Manis, J Neurophysiol. 1993 Dec;70(6):2562-83. 

[3] Ih Currents from Liu, Manis, Davis, J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2014 Aug;15(4):585-99.
    doi: 10.1007/s10162-014-0446-z. Epub 2014 Feb 21.
    Age "P10" (cultured SGC cells), Original data temperature=22C.
    Units are nS.

""")


add_table_data('sgc_guineapig_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='guineapig', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities (and voltage shifts if necessary)
for a model SGC cell, which is based on a bushy cell with a different Na channel.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    sgc-a         sgc-bm   
                                        
sgc_name            a             bm     
soma_na_gbar        1000. [2]     1000. [2]
soma_kht_gbar       150.0 [1]     150.0 [1]
soma_klt_gbar       200.0 [1]     200.0 [1]
soma_ihap_gbar      3.0   [3]     0.0   [3]
soma_ihap_eh        -41.0 [3]     -41.0 [3]
soma_ihbm_gbar      0.0   [3]     3.0   [3]
soma_ihbm_eh        -41.0 [3]     -41.0 [3]
soma_leak_gbar      2.0   [1]     2.0   [1]
soma_leak_erev      -65   [1]     -65   [1]
soma_na_type        jsrna [2]     jsrna [2]
soma_Cap            12.0  [1]     12.0  [1]
soma_e_k            -84   [1]     -84   [1]
soma_e_na           50.   [1]     50.   [1]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Model is based on the guinea pig bushy cell model (RM03, above),
    but with a fast sodium channel from Rothman et al, 1993. and Ih currents
    from Liu et al. 2014
    
[2] Sodium channel from Rothman, Young and Manis, J Neurophysiol. 1993 Dec;70(6):2562-83. 

[3] Ih Currents from Liu, Manis, Davis, J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2014 Aug;15(4):585-99.
    doi: 10.1007/s10162-014-0446-z. Epub 2014 Feb 21.
    Age "P10" (cultured SGC cells), Temperature=22C.
    Units are nS.

""")

add_table_data('MSO_principal_channels', row_key='field', col_key='cell_type', 
               species='guineapig', data=u"""

This table describes the ion channel densities
for a putative MSO principal neuron based on the original Rothman Manis 2003 model for bushy cells.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    MSO-principal   
                             
MSO_name            Principal       
soma_na_gbar        1000. [1]
soma_kht_gbar       150.0 [1]
soma_klt_gbar       200.0 [1]
soma_ka_gbar        0.0   [1]
soma_ih_gbar        20.0  [1]
soma_leak_gbar      2.0   [1]
soma_leak_erev      -65   [1]
soma_na_type        nacn  [1]
soma_ih_type        ihvcn [1]
soma_Cap            12.0  [1]
soma_e_k            -84   [1]
soma_e_na           50.   [1]
soma_ih_eh          -43   [1]

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[1] This MSO neuron model is basied on Rothman and Manis, 2003 bushy cell, type II
    Age "adult", Temperature=22C
    Units are nS.


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